常用方法

• np.random.rand
• np.random.randn
• np.random.randint(n) 随机生成1个在区间[0, n)上的整数。

np.random.rand(d1, d2, d3,...)

import numpy as np

def show(title, m):
    print(title.center(80, '-'))
    print(m)
    
# 生成长度为5的1维[0, 1)随机数
m1 = np.random.rand(10)
show('m1', m1)

# 生成长度为10的1维[0, 1)随机数
m2 = np.random.rand(5, 3)
show('m2', m2)

# 生成长度为10的1维[0, 1)随机数
m3 = np.random.rand(5, 3, 2)
show('m3', m3)

---------------------------------------m1---------------------------------------
[0.833112   0.78366746 0.05900281 0.34861702 0.72713466 0.41009999
 0.51358219 0.42456041 0.55495882 0.87558922]
---------------------------------------m2---------------------------------------
[[0.41791795 0.44918332 0.85505976]
 [0.88788453 0.69499783 0.10782279]
 [0.94694862 0.97632142 0.70799792]
 [0.00496677 0.75350443 0.1329044 ]
 [0.23262408 0.48361605 0.18461953]]
---------------------------------------m3---------------------------------------
[[[0.7919385  0.30971903]
  [0.09325939 0.62173986]
  [0.59168612 0.20398787]]

 [[0.31226192 0.34585393]
  [0.11248008 0.27677331]
  [0.54848741 0.3855126 ]]

 [[0.16854595 0.19853787]
  [0.49560004 0.92958179]
  [0.81672528 0.0256919 ]]

 [[0.29234142 0.8597146 ]
  [0.3044532  0.62233198]
  [0.95412626 0.95098013]]

 [[0.39828094 0.27563878]
  [0.51025127 0.55805215]
  [0.19946141 0.88882738]]]

np.random.randint(start, end, size)

import numpy as np
print(np.random.randint(10))
print(np.random.randint(10, 20))
print(np.random.randint(10, 20, 5))
[np.random.randint(10) for _ in range(10)]

4
12
[14 15 19 16 18]

[2, 9, 1, 2, 0, 7, 1, 6, 2, 6]

np.random.randn(mu, sigma, size)

import numpy as np
def show(title, m):
    print(title.center(80, '-'))
    print(m)
    
show('m1', np.random.randn(5))
show('m2', np.random.randn(5,3))
show('m3', np.random.randn(5,3,2))

---------------------------------------m1---------------------------------------
[-1.9249834   0.41835021  0.73731119  0.52571419 -1.35116262]
---------------------------------------m2---------------------------------------
[[-0.40758071 -0.60590217  0.219938  ]
 [ 1.00542699  0.512375   -0.07398155]
 [-0.89750088  0.51217011  0.63057533]
 [-1.39735025  1.60483438 -0.64895009]
 [ 2.38018964 -1.01312136  0.93082658]]
---------------------------------------m3---------------------------------------
[[[ 1.76484326e+00 -1.56307230e+00]
  [-5.17361135e-01  3.62523635e-02]
  [-2.35162741e+00  4.73543709e-01]]

 [[ 6.12537709e-01  6.33039746e-01]
  [-2.39743648e-03  3.24696534e-01]
  [-6.91838399e-01  1.23777030e+00]]

 [[-6.14808092e-01 -4.28515314e-01]
  [ 2.71838291e-01 -9.12885649e-01]
  [ 7.98245318e-02  7.01403360e-01]]

 [[ 7.81848641e-03 -9.94547315e-01]
  [ 1.25075550e+00  1.89075834e+00]
  [-8.92651647e-01 -1.44987581e+00]]

 [[-1.37803795e-01 -5.34623558e-01]
  [ 1.43473075e+00  2.45286459e+00]
  [ 7.39434576e-01 -1.21579979e+00]]]

np.random.uniform(low, upper, size)

import numpy as np

print(np.random.uniform(10))
print(np.random.uniform(10, 20))
print(np.random.uniform(10, 20, 5))

5.4329078915583855
12.512163489239926
[13.19923322 17.08315624 12.17231536 19.15123562 16.37979071]

np.array(d1, d2)

import numpy as np
def show(title, m):
    print(title.center(80, '-'))
    print(m)
    
show('1个数', np.array(5))
show('二维数组', np.array([5,6]))
show('数据类型', np.array([5,6], dtype='float32'))

--------------------------------------1个数---------------------------------------
5
--------------------------------------二维数组--------------------------------------
[5 6]
--------------------------------------数据类型--------------------------------------
[5. 6.]

import numpy as np
def show(title, m):
    print(title.center(80, '-'))
    print(m)
    
l1 = [1,2,3,4,5]    
m1 = np.random.permutation(10)
m2 = np.random.permutation(l1)
m3 = np.random.shuffle(l1)
show('生成全排列', m1)
show('数组随机组合', m2)
show('数组随机组合', np.array(l1))
show('choice(m2)', np.random.choice(m2))
show('choice(l1)', np.random.choice(l1))

    
    

-------------------------------------生成全排列--------------------------------------
[8 7 9 5 6 3 1 4 0 2]
-------------------------------------数组随机组合-------------------------------------
[4 2 1 5 3]
-------------------------------------数组随机组合-------------------------------------
[4 1 2 3 5]
-----------------------------------choice(m2)-----------------------------------
2
-----------------------------------choice(l1)-----------------------------------
2